How China fell for a lobster: What an AI assistant tells us about Beijing’s ambition
China’s AI Obsession: The Lobster’s Rise and Impact
When Wang first asked, “Are you a lobster?” to the BBC, it was a reflection of his recent fixation on the AI assistant OpenClaw. Known as “lobster” in China, this tool had become so integral to his workflow that he questioned whether he was conversing with an algorithm or a human journalist. After confirming he was speaking to a reporter, the IT engineer shared how deeply he had immersed himself in OpenClaw, highlighting its growing influence across the country.
A Tool for the Masses
OpenClaw, developed by Austrian programmer Peter Steinberger, has gained traction in China due to its open-source foundation. This allows users to adapt the code for integration with local AI systems, offering a significant edge over Western models like ChatGPT and Claude, which are restricted in the region. The platform’s accessibility has fueled a surge in experimentation, with individuals ranging from students to retirees embracing its potential.
“Everyone in China knows that the government sets the pace, and the government tells you where the opportunities are,” said Rui Ma, founder of the Tech Buzz China newsletter. “It’s practical for most people. That’s probably a better plan, to just follow the government directive than to really try to figure it out on your own.”
Wang, who chose to remain anonymous for fear of exposure as an online seller of digital products, described his personal experience with the AI. His customised version of OpenClaw, still in testing, dramatically simplified tasks like managing TikTok Shop listings. While manual work typically allowed him to handle about a dozen items daily, the AI could process up to 200 in two minutes. “It is scary, but also exciting. My lobster is better than I am at this. It writes better, and can instantly compare my prices with every competitor—something I would never have time to do,” he remarked.
From Frenzy to Adoption
OpenClaw’s popularity has transcended the tech sphere, becoming a cultural phenomenon in China. The platform has drawn comparisons to ChatGPT, with Nvidia’s Jensen Huang dubbing it “the next ChatGPT.” Its developer, Steinberger, recently joined OpenAI, underscoring its global appeal. However, the fervor around OpenClaw is uniquely tied to China’s AI ambitions. Wendy Chang of MERICS noted that the enthusiasm reflects a broader trend of embracing open-source solutions to overcome reliance on foreign technology.
Chinese tech leaders have also endorsed OpenClaw, with companies like Tencent and Baidu distributing free customised versions. Crowds gathered at their headquarters, eager to explore the AI’s capabilities. Users shared stories of how the assistant aided their lives—some for stock trading, others for streamlining multitasking. One comedian even joked about dreaming of conversations with his “lobster,” while another CEO used the term to describe training the AI for specific tasks.
A Nation’s AI Leap
China’s push into AI has been a gradual process, accelerated by breakthroughs like DeepSeek, which emerged earlier this year. Developed by domestic engineers from top universities, DeepSeek surprised many with its capabilities, further inspiring the adoption of open-source tools. This momentum has created fertile ground for OpenClaw’s rise, as businesses and individuals alike seek to leverage its efficiency.
Government support has been pivotal in OpenClaw’s success. Cities like Wuxi have offered financial incentives, including up to five million yuan for manufacturing applications such as robotics. This strategy aligns with China’s approach to guiding technological growth through policy and investment, ensuring its citizens stay at the forefront of innovation.
